영어문법, 11. 관사

Chapter 11  관사

 

1. 부정관사

: 부정관사는 가산명사의 단수형 앞에 위치

 

1)    하나의

I bought a pencil.

2)    ~마다 (per)

You will be paid five dollars an hour.

3)    어떤

You are right in a sense. (어떤 의미에서는 당신이 옳다.)

Once there lived an old farmer in a small village.

4)    ~ 같은

They are all of a size.

5)    종족대표

A dog is a faithful animal.

= The dog is a faithful animal.

= Dogs are faithful animals.

 

2. 정관사

: 가산명사/불가산명사 및 단수/복수 명사 모두와 함께 사용 가능하며, 특정된 명사를 지칭하는데 사용

 

1)    이미 알고 있거나 앞에 언급된 대상을 표현

Kelly gave me some pens. The pens are all blue.

2)    수식하는 어구가 명사를 한정해 주는 경우에 사용

The committee debated the pros and cons of the deal for most of the afternoon.

3)    서수 및 형용사의 최상급 앞

The first and all subsequent visits were kept secret.

The last native speakers of Cornish died out in the 19th century, but scholars have since revived it.

The most successful Broadway shows are often musicals.

4)    세상에 하나 뿐인 유일한 것의 앞

: the moon, the sky, the world, the universe, the stars…

The moon looks bright because of the reflection of light.

5)    특정 시간과 위치를 나타내는 명사 앞

: the morning, the present, the future…

The main street of the town is a blaze of lights in the evening.

그 도시의 중심가는 저녁이면 불야성을 이룬다.

cf) The community center was established in the 1960s. / in the early twentieth century / in the year 1965 / in 1965.

6)    세기나 연대 앞

: the early 20^th century, the late 1920s….

In the twentieth century people's expectation of life has been greatly increased.

 

3. 무관사

 

1)    한정되지 않은 일반적인 의미의 불가산명사

His voice quivered with emotion.

 

2)    공공시설, 사물의 본래의 목적을 나타내는 경우

: go to school, go to bed, go to hospital, go to sea ….

You've got to go to school, whether you like it or not.

cf) She went to the school to see him.

 

3)    by 운송수단

: by car, by boat, by train … cf) on foot

I prefer to go by bus, provided that the roads aren't crowded.

Visitors can follow the four kilometers of the River Walk on foot. Or, they can see it from a boat on the river.

 

4)    운동, 식사 등을 나타내는 명사

He doesn’t like playing tennis.

I have had lunch already.

cf) She can play the piano, the guitar, the violin, and so on.